feat(ssh): jump hosts, host key checking, and configurable ssh options

Add SSH settings that apply only to netssh connections, so
~/.ssh/config does not need global changes:

- proxy_jump (passed as -J; "none" disables an inherited jump host)
- host_key_checking: strict | accept-new | off (off prints a notice)
- target: ip (default) | name | hostname; "name" connects to the
  NetBox name with -o HostName=<ip> and -o HostKeyAlias=<name>, so
  `Host *.example.com` rules apply and known_hosts entries follow the
  device instead of a reused IP
- address_family: any | inet | inet6
- options (-o Key=Value) and extra_args

Settings layer global -> netboxes[].ssh -> ssh.rules (match by tag,
instance, kind, or name glob). Options given on the command line
always win: -o values are inserted after the user's own, and
extra_args before them.

New wrapper flags: --jump HOST, --no-jump, and --dry-run, which prints
the final ssh command instead of connecting. The TUI uses the same
options. The setup wizard keeps all new settings when it saves.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

cmd/netssh/main.go

@@ -81,16 +81,21 @@ func loadConfigOrSetup() *config.Config {
 
 // runSSHWrapper resolves the target hostname via NetBox and execs the native ssh binary.
 func runSSHWrapper(args []string) {
+	flags, args, err := internalssh.ExtractWrapperFlags(args)
+	if err != nil {
+		fatalf("%v", err)
+	}
 	cfg := loadConfigOrSetup()
 
 	parsed := internalssh.Parse(args)
 	if parsed == nil {
 		// No destination found — pass arguments straight through to ssh.
-		if err := internalssh.Exec(args); err != nil {
-			fatalf("%v", err)
-		}
+		execSSH(internalssh.Result{Args: args}, flags)
 		return
 	}
+	connect := func(name, kind, ip string, tags []string) {
+		connectHost(cfg, flags, name, kind, ip, tags, parsed.DestIdx, args)
+	}
 
 	// Inject the configured default user if none was given on the command line.
 	if cfg.SSH.DefaultUser != "" && parsed.User == "" && !internalssh.HasUserFlag(args) {
@@ -114,7 +119,7 @@ func runSSHWrapper(args []string) {
 	if entry, fresh := c.Get(parsed.Host); fresh && useCache {
 		c.MarkUsed(parsed.Host)
 		_ = c.Save()
-		connect(entry.IP, parsed, args)
+		connect(entry.Name, entry.Kind, entry.IP, entry.Tags)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -132,7 +137,7 @@ func runSSHWrapper(args []string) {
 			if fresh {
 				c.MarkUsed(entry.Name)
 				_ = c.Save()
-				connect(entry.IP, parsed, args)
+				connect(entry.Name, entry.Kind, entry.IP, entry.Tags)
 				return
 			}
 			// Stale shortcut match — use canonical name for NetBox re-fetch.
@@ -165,7 +170,7 @@ func runSSHWrapper(args []string) {
 	if cached, fresh := c.Get(target.Target()); fresh && cached.Kind == target.Kind {
 		c.MarkUsed(target.Target())
 		_ = c.Save()
-		connect(cached.IP, parsed, args)
+		connect(cached.Name, cached.Kind, cached.IP, cached.Tags)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -183,7 +188,7 @@ func runSSHWrapper(args []string) {
 	c.MarkUsed(target.Target())
 	_ = c.Save()
 
-	connect(ip, parsed, args)
+	connect(target.Target(), target.Kind, ip, target.Tags)
 }
 
 // findSSHHost uses the paginated, ambiguity-checking lookup for connection
@@ -206,9 +211,24 @@ func findSSHHost(ctx context.Context, client *netbox.Client, name string, domain
 	return netbox.HostEntry{}, fmt.Errorf("%w: %q", netbox.ErrHostNotFound, name)
 }
 
-func connect(ip string, parsed *internalssh.ParsedArgs, originalArgs []string) {
-	newArgs := internalssh.ReplaceHost(originalArgs, parsed.DestIdx, ip)
-	if err := internalssh.Exec(newArgs); err != nil {
+// connectHost applies the SSH options configured for the host and execs ssh.
+// target is the cache/selector name, which may carry an instance prefix.
+func connectHost(cfg *config.Config, flags internalssh.WrapperFlags, target, kind, ip string, tags []string, destIdx int, args []string) {
+	instance, name := netbox.SplitTarget(target)
+	opts := cfg.SSHOptionsFor(config.SSHHost{Instance: instance, Name: name, Kind: kind, Tags: tags})
+	execSSH(internalssh.Apply(args, destIdx, internalssh.Host{Name: name, IP: ip}, opts, flags), flags)
+}
+
+// execSSH replaces the process with ssh, or prints the command for --dry-run.
+func execSSH(result internalssh.Result, flags internalssh.WrapperFlags) {
+	if flags.DryRun {
+		fmt.Println(internalssh.Quote(append([]string{"ssh"}, result.Args...)))
+		return
+	}
+	if result.Notice != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "netssh: %s\n", result.Notice)
+	}
+	if err := internalssh.Exec(result.Args); err != nil {
 		fatalf("%v", err)
 	}
 }
@@ -244,8 +264,10 @@ func runTUI() {
 	}
 
 	// Revalidate stale or live TUI results through the configured resolver chain.
+	var tags []string
 	if cached, fresh := c.Get(host.Name); fresh && cached.Kind == host.Kind {
 		host.IP = cached.IP
+		tags = cached.Tags
 	} else {
 		if nbClient == nil {
 			fatalf("cannot resolve %q: NetBox is not configured", host.Name)
@@ -265,6 +287,7 @@ func runTUI() {
 			fatalf("IP resolution: %v", err)
 		}
 		c.Upsert(cache.Entry{Name: target.Target(), IP: host.IP, Kind: target.Kind, Tags: target.Tags})
+		tags = target.Tags
 	}
 	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Connecting to %s (%s)…\n", host.Name, host.IP)
 
@@ -292,9 +315,7 @@ func runTUI() {
 	c.MarkUsed(host.Name)
 	_ = c.Save()
 
-	if err := internalssh.Exec(sshArgs); err != nil {
-		fatalf("%v", err)
-	}
+	connectHost(cfg, internalssh.WrapperFlags{}, host.Name, host.Kind, host.IP, tags, len(sshArgs)-1, sshArgs)
 }
 
 // --- cobra root + subcommands ---

internal/config/config.go

@@ -26,10 +26,11 @@ type ShellConfig struct {
 }
 
 type NetBoxConfig struct {
-	Name         string `mapstructure:"name"`
-	URL          string `mapstructure:"url"`
-	Token        string `mapstructure:"token"`
-	TokenVersion int    `mapstructure:"token_version"`
+	Name         string     `mapstructure:"name"`
+	URL          string     `mapstructure:"url"`
+	Token        string     `mapstructure:"token"`
+	TokenVersion int        `mapstructure:"token_version"`
+	SSH          SSHOptions `mapstructure:"ssh"`
 }
 
 type ResolverConfig struct {
@@ -46,6 +47,8 @@ type CacheConfig struct {
 type SSHConfig struct {
 	DefaultUser string `mapstructure:"default_user"`
 	DefaultPort int    `mapstructure:"default_port"`
+	SSHOptions  `mapstructure:",squash"`
+	Rules       []SSHRule `mapstructure:"rules"`
 }
 
 type CompletionConfig struct {
@@ -85,7 +88,7 @@ func Load() (*Config, error) {
 	v.SetEnvPrefix("NETSSH")
 	v.SetEnvKeyReplacer(strings.NewReplacer(".", "_"))
 	v.AutomaticEnv()
-	for _, key := range []string{"netbox.url", "netbox.token", "netbox.token_version", "resolver.strategies", "resolver.management_subnets", "resolver.interface_name", "cache.ttl", "cache.path", "ssh.default_user", "ssh.default_port", "shortcuts.domains", "shortcuts.strip_hyphens", "shell.alias"} {
+	for _, key := range []string{"netbox.url", "netbox.token", "netbox.token_version", "resolver.strategies", "resolver.management_subnets", "resolver.interface_name", "cache.ttl", "cache.path", "ssh.default_user", "ssh.default_port", "shortcuts.domains", "shortcuts.strip_hyphens", "shell.alias", "ssh.proxy_jump", "ssh.host_key_checking", "ssh.target", "ssh.address_family", "completion.max_results"} {
 		if err := v.BindEnv(key); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -122,6 +125,9 @@ func Load() (*Config, error) {
 	if err := cfg.ValidateNetBoxes(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if err := cfg.ValidateSSH(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	for i := range cfg.NetBoxes {
 		source := &cfg.NetBoxes[i]
 		source.Name = strings.ToLower(source.Name)

internal/config/ssh.go

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"path"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// SSHOptions are connection settings that can be set globally, per NetBox
+// instance, and per rule. More specific layers override less specific ones.
+type SSHOptions struct {
+	// ProxyJump is passed as -J; "none" disables a jump host set by a broader layer.
+	ProxyJump string `mapstructure:"proxy_jump"`
+	// HostKeyChecking is strict, accept-new, or off. Empty keeps ssh's own setting.
+	HostKeyChecking string `mapstructure:"host_key_checking"`
+	// Target selects the ssh destination: ip (default), name, or hostname.
+	Target string `mapstructure:"target"`
+	// AddressFamily is any, inet, or inet6.
+	AddressFamily string `mapstructure:"address_family"`
+	// ExtraArgs are inserted verbatim before the destination.
+	ExtraArgs []string `mapstructure:"extra_args"`
+	// Options are passed as -o Key=Value.
+	Options map[string]string `mapstructure:"options"`
+}
+
+// SSHRule applies SSH options to hosts that match every non-empty field.
+type SSHRule struct {
+	Match      SSHMatch `mapstructure:"match"`
+	SSHOptions `mapstructure:",squash"`
+}
+
+// SSHMatch selects hosts by NetBox attributes available in the cache.
+type SSHMatch struct {
+	Tag      string `mapstructure:"tag"`
+	Instance string `mapstructure:"instance"`
+	Kind     string `mapstructure:"kind"`
+	Name     string `mapstructure:"name"` // shell-style glob, e.g. "*.dmz.example.com"
+}
+
+// SSHHost identifies the resolved host that SSH options are computed for.
+type SSHHost struct {
+	Instance string
+	Name     string // NetBox name without the instance prefix
+	Kind     string
+	Tags     []string
+}
+
+var sshOptionKey = regexp.MustCompile(`^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9]*$`)
+
+// ValidateSSH rejects values that would be passed to ssh in an unexpected form.
+func (c *Config) ValidateSSH() error {
+	if err := c.SSH.SSHOptions.validate("ssh"); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for i, rule := range c.SSH.Rules {
+		if err := rule.SSHOptions.validate(fmt.Sprintf("ssh.rules[%d]", i)); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if rule.Match == (SSHMatch{}) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("ssh.rules[%d]: match must set at least one of tag, instance, kind, name", i)
+		}
+		if _, err := path.Match(rule.Match.Name, ""); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("ssh.rules[%d]: invalid name pattern %q", i, rule.Match.Name)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := c.NetBox.SSH.validate("netbox.ssh"); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, source := range c.NetBoxes {
+		if err := source.SSH.validate("netboxes." + source.Name + ".ssh"); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (o SSHOptions) validate(scope string) error {
+	switch o.HostKeyChecking {
+	case "", "strict", "accept-new", "off":
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s.host_key_checking must be strict, accept-new, or off", scope)
+	}
+	switch o.Target {
+	case "", "ip", "name", "hostname":
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s.target must be ip, name, or hostname", scope)
+	}
+	switch o.AddressFamily {
+	case "", "any", "inet", "inet6":
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s.address_family must be any, inet, or inet6", scope)
+	}
+	if strings.HasPrefix(o.ProxyJump, "-") || strings.ContainsAny(o.ProxyJump, " \t\n") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s.proxy_jump %q is not a valid jump host", scope, o.ProxyJump)
+	}
+	for key, value := range o.Options {
+		if !sshOptionKey.MatchString(key) || strings.ContainsAny(value, "\n\r") {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s.options: invalid option %q", scope, key)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SSHOptionsFor merges global, instance, and matching rule options for host.
+func (c *Config) SSHOptionsFor(host SSHHost) SSHOptions {
+	merged := c.SSH.SSHOptions.merge(SSHOptions{})
+	if host.Instance == "" {
+		merged = merged.merge(c.NetBox.SSH)
+	}
+	for _, source := range c.NetBoxes {
+		if strings.EqualFold(source.Name, host.Instance) {
+			merged = merged.merge(source.SSH)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, rule := range c.SSH.Rules {
+		if rule.Match.matches(host) {
+			merged = merged.merge(rule.SSHOptions)
+		}
+	}
+	return merged
+}
+
+// merge returns o overridden by the non-empty fields of override.
+// Extra arguments accumulate; options override per key.
+func (o SSHOptions) merge(override SSHOptions) SSHOptions {
+	out := o
+	out.ExtraArgs = append(append([]string(nil), o.ExtraArgs...), override.ExtraArgs...)
+	out.Options = make(map[string]string, len(o.Options)+len(override.Options))
+	for key, value := range o.Options {
+		out.Options[strings.ToLower(key)] = value
+	}
+	for key, value := range override.Options {
+		out.Options[strings.ToLower(key)] = value
+	}
+	if override.ProxyJump != "" {
+		out.ProxyJump = override.ProxyJump
+	}
+	if override.HostKeyChecking != "" {
+		out.HostKeyChecking = override.HostKeyChecking
+	}
+	if override.Target != "" {
+		out.Target = override.Target
+	}
+	if override.AddressFamily != "" {
+		out.AddressFamily = override.AddressFamily
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func (m SSHMatch) matches(host SSHHost) bool {
+	if m.Instance != "" && !strings.EqualFold(m.Instance, host.Instance) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if m.Kind != "" && !strings.EqualFold(m.Kind, host.Kind) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if m.Name != "" {
+		if ok, _ := path.Match(strings.ToLower(m.Name), strings.ToLower(host.Name)); !ok {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	if m.Tag != "" {
+		found := false
+		for _, tag := range host.Tags {
+			if strings.EqualFold(tag, m.Tag) || strings.EqualFold(tagSlug(tag), m.Tag) {
+				found = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// tagSlug approximates NetBox's slug so rules may use either the tag name or slug.
+func tagSlug(name string) string {
+	return strings.Join(strings.Fields(strings.ToLower(name)), "-")
+}

internal/config/ssh_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func loadYAML(t *testing.T, data string) (*Config, error) {
+	t.Helper()
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	t.Setenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", dir)
+	t.Setenv("HOME", t.TempDir())
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "netssh.yaml"), []byte(data), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return Load()
+}
+
+func TestSSHOptionsLayering(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg, err := loadYAML(t, `
+netboxes:
+  - name: prod
+    url: https://prod.example.com
+    ssh:
+      proxy_jump: jh-prod.example.com
+      host_key_checking: strict
+  - name: staging
+    url: https://staging.example.com
+    ssh:
+      host_key_checking: off
+ssh:
+  proxy_jump: jh.example.com
+  extra_args: ["-4"]
+  options:
+    ServerAliveInterval: 60
+    ServerAliveCountMax: 5
+  rules:
+    - match: {tag: dmz}
+      proxy_jump: jh-dmz.example.com
+      options: {ServerAliveInterval: 10}
+    - match: {instance: prod, name: "db*"}
+      proxy_jump: none
+completion:
+  max_results: 200
+`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if cfg.Completion.MaxResults != 200 {
+		t.Fatalf("max_results: %d", cfg.Completion.MaxResults)
+	}
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		host              SSHHost
+		jump, keys, alive string
+	}{
+		{SSHHost{Name: "web"}, "jh.example.com", "", "60"},
+		{SSHHost{Instance: "prod", Name: "web"}, "jh-prod.example.com", "strict", "60"},
+		{SSHHost{Instance: "staging", Name: "web", Tags: []string{"DMZ"}}, "jh-dmz.example.com", "off", "10"},
+		{SSHHost{Instance: "prod", Name: "db01", Tags: []string{"dmz"}}, "none", "strict", "10"},
+	} {
+		got := cfg.SSHOptionsFor(tc.host)
+		if got.ProxyJump != tc.jump || got.HostKeyChecking != tc.keys || got.Options["serveraliveinterval"] != tc.alive || got.Options["serveralivecountmax"] != "5" {
+			t.Errorf("%+v: got %+v", tc.host, got)
+		}
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(got.ExtraArgs, []string{"-4"}) {
+			t.Errorf("extra args: %v", got.ExtraArgs)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSSHOptionsValidation(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, data := range []string{
+		"ssh:\n  host_key_checking: maybe\n",
+		"ssh:\n  target: dns\n",
+		"ssh:\n  address_family: ipx\n",
+		"ssh:\n  proxy_jump: \"-oProxyCommand=x\"\n",
+		"ssh:\n  options:\n    \"bad key\": 1\n",
+		"ssh:\n  rules:\n    - proxy_jump: jh\n",
+		"netboxes:\n  - name: a\n    url: https://a.example\n    ssh:\n      target: nope\n",
+	} {
+		if _, err := loadYAML(t, data); err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("accepted invalid config:\n%s", data)
+		} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "ssh") {
+			t.Errorf("unclear error %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/setup/wizard.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -246,10 +247,18 @@ func save(cfg config.Config) error {
 		b.WriteString("netboxes:\n")
 		for _, source := range cfg.NetBoxes {
 			fmt.Fprintf(&b, "  - name: %q\n    url: %q\n    token: %q\n    token_version: %d\n", source.Name, source.URL, source.Token, source.TokenVersion)
+			if !sshOptionsEmpty(source.SSH) {
+				b.WriteString("    ssh:\n")
+				writeSSHOptions(&b, "      ", source.SSH)
+			}
 		}
 	} else {
 		b.WriteString("netbox:\n")
 		fmt.Fprintf(&b, "  url: %q\n  token: %q\n  token_version: %d\n", cfg.NetBox.URL, cfg.NetBox.Token, cfg.NetBox.TokenVersion)
+		if !sshOptionsEmpty(cfg.NetBox.SSH) {
+			b.WriteString("  ssh:\n")
+			writeSSHOptions(&b, "    ", cfg.NetBox.SSH)
+		}
 	}
 
 	b.WriteString("\nresolver:\n")
@@ -280,6 +289,23 @@ func save(cfg config.Config) error {
 	if cfg.SSH.DefaultPort > 0 {
 		fmt.Fprintf(&b, "  default_port: %d\n", cfg.SSH.DefaultPort)
 	}
+	writeSSHOptions(&b, "  ", cfg.SSH.SSHOptions)
+	if len(cfg.SSH.Rules) > 0 {
+		b.WriteString("  rules:\n")
+		for _, rule := range cfg.SSH.Rules {
+			b.WriteString("    - match:\n")
+			for _, field := range [][2]string{{"tag", rule.Match.Tag}, {"instance", rule.Match.Instance}, {"kind", rule.Match.Kind}, {"name", rule.Match.Name}} {
+				if field[1] != "" {
+					fmt.Fprintf(&b, "        %s: %q\n", field[0], field[1])
+				}
+			}
+			writeSSHOptions(&b, "      ", rule.SSHOptions)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if cfg.Completion.MaxResults > 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&b, "\ncompletion:\n  max_results: %d\n", cfg.Completion.MaxResults)
+	}
 
 	if len(cfg.Shortcuts.Domains) > 0 || cfg.Shortcuts.StripHyphens {
 		b.WriteString("\nshortcuts:\n")
@@ -305,3 +331,33 @@ func save(cfg config.Config) error {
 	fmt.Printf("\nConfig saved → %s\n", path)
 	return nil
 }
+
+func sshOptionsEmpty(o config.SSHOptions) bool {
+	return o.ProxyJump == "" && o.HostKeyChecking == "" && o.Target == "" && o.AddressFamily == "" && len(o.ExtraArgs) == 0 && len(o.Options) == 0
+}
+
+// writeSSHOptions keeps settings the wizard does not ask for when it rewrites the config.
+func writeSSHOptions(b *strings.Builder, indent string, o config.SSHOptions) {
+	for _, field := range [][2]string{{"proxy_jump", o.ProxyJump}, {"host_key_checking", o.HostKeyChecking}, {"target", o.Target}, {"address_family", o.AddressFamily}} {
+		if field[1] != "" {
+			fmt.Fprintf(b, "%s%s: %q\n", indent, field[0], field[1])
+		}
+	}
+	if len(o.ExtraArgs) > 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintf(b, "%sextra_args:\n", indent)
+		for _, arg := range o.ExtraArgs {
+			fmt.Fprintf(b, "%s  - %q\n", indent, arg)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(o.Options) > 0 {
+		keys := make([]string, 0, len(o.Options))
+		for key := range o.Options {
+			keys = append(keys, key)
+		}
+		sort.Strings(keys)
+		fmt.Fprintf(b, "%soptions:\n", indent)
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			fmt.Fprintf(b, "%s  %s: %q\n", indent, key, o.Options[key])
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/setup/wizard_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package setup
 import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -408,7 +409,7 @@ func TestSaveMultipleNetBoxesRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("instances lost during save: %+v", loaded)
 	}
 	for i, want := range cfg.NetBoxes {
-		if loaded.NetBoxes[i] != want {
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(loaded.NetBoxes[i], want) {
 			t.Fatalf("instance changed: %+v, want %+v", loaded.NetBoxes[i], want)
 		}
 	}
@@ -420,3 +421,37 @@ func TestSaveMultipleNetBoxesRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("credentials are not private")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestSaveKeepsSSHOptions(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", t.TempDir())
+	t.Setenv("HOME", t.TempDir())
+	opts := config.SSHOptions{
+		ProxyJump:       "jh.example.com",
+		HostKeyChecking: "accept-new",
+		Target:          "name",
+		AddressFamily:   "inet",
+		ExtraArgs:       []string{"-A"},
+		Options:         map[string]string{"serveraliveinterval": "60"},
+	}
+	cfg := config.Config{
+		NetBoxes: []config.NetBoxConfig{{Name: "prod", URL: "https://prod.example", Token: "t", TokenVersion: 1, SSH: config.SSHOptions{HostKeyChecking: "off"}}},
+		Resolver: config.ResolverConfig{Strategies: []string{"primary_ip"}},
+		Cache:    config.CacheConfig{TTL: 3600},
+		SSH: config.SSHConfig{
+			DefaultUser: "root",
+			SSHOptions:  opts,
+			Rules:       []config.SSHRule{{Match: config.SSHMatch{Tag: "dmz", Name: "*.dmz"}, SSHOptions: config.SSHOptions{ProxyJump: "none"}}},
+		},
+		Completion: config.CompletionConfig{MaxResults: 100},
+	}
+	if err := save(cfg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	loaded, err := config.Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(loaded.SSH, cfg.SSH) || !reflect.DeepEqual(loaded.NetBoxes[0].SSH, cfg.NetBoxes[0].SSH) || loaded.Completion != cfg.Completion {
+		t.Fatalf("ssh settings lost:\n%+v\n%+v", loaded.SSH, loaded.NetBoxes[0].SSH)
+	}
+}

internal/ssh/options.go

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+package ssh
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"regexp"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.zb-server.de/Sebi/ssh-netbox-wrapper/internal/config"
+)
+
+// WrapperFlags are netssh's own long options. OpenSSH has no long options,
+// so these never collide with flags meant for ssh.
+type WrapperFlags struct {
+	DryRun bool
+	Jump   string // --jump HOST overrides the configured jump host
+	NoJump bool   // --no-jump disables any jump host, including ~/.ssh/config
+}
+
+// ExtractWrapperFlags removes netssh's long options that appear before the
+// destination. Anything after the destination belongs to the remote command.
+func ExtractWrapperFlags(args []string) (WrapperFlags, []string, error) {
+	var flags WrapperFlags
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(args))
+	for i := 0; i < len(args); i++ {
+		arg := args[i]
+		switch {
+		case arg == "--dry-run":
+			flags.DryRun = true
+		case arg == "--no-jump":
+			flags.NoJump = true
+		case arg == "--jump":
+			if i+1 >= len(args) {
+				return flags, nil, fmt.Errorf("--jump requires a host")
+			}
+			i++
+			flags.Jump = args[i]
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--jump="):
+			flags.Jump = strings.TrimPrefix(arg, "--jump=")
+		case arg == "--" || !strings.HasPrefix(arg, "-") || len(arg) < 2:
+			// Destination or end of options: keep the rest unchanged.
+			return flags, append(out, args[i:]...), validateJump(flags)
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--"):
+			return flags, nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown option %s", arg)
+		default:
+			out = append(out, arg)
+			// Keep the value of an ssh option such as -l USER together with it.
+			if takesSeparateValue(arg) && i+1 < len(args) {
+				i++
+				out = append(out, args[i])
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return flags, out, validateJump(flags)
+}
+
+func validateJump(flags WrapperFlags) error {
+	if flags.Jump == "" && flags.NoJump {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if flags.Jump != "" && flags.NoJump {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--jump and --no-jump are mutually exclusive")
+	}
+	if strings.HasPrefix(flags.Jump, "-") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--jump: invalid host %q", flags.Jump)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// takesSeparateValue reports whether a short option cluster ends with a flag
+// whose value is the next argument (e.g. "-l" or "-vp").
+func takesSeparateValue(arg string) bool {
+	for j := 1; j < len(arg); j++ {
+		if flagsWithArg[arg[j]] {
+			return j == len(arg)-1
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// Host is a resolved NetBox host.
+type Host struct {
+	Name string // NetBox name without the instance prefix
+	IP   string
+}
+
+// Result is the final ssh argument list and an optional notice for stderr.
+type Result struct {
+	Args   []string
+	Notice string
+}
+
+var plainHostname = regexp.MustCompile(`^[A-Za-z0-9]([A-Za-z0-9._-]*[A-Za-z0-9])?$`)
+
+// Apply replaces the destination at destIdx and inserts the configured -o
+// options directly before it. Explicit options given by the user come first,
+// and ssh uses the first -o value it obtains, so the user's choice wins.
+func Apply(args []string, destIdx int, host Host, opts config.SSHOptions, flags WrapperFlags) Result {
+	var inserted []string
+	add := func(keyword, value string) {
+		if !hasOption(args[:destIdx], 0, keyword) {
+			inserted = append(inserted, "-o", keyword+"="+value)
+		}
+	}
+
+	dest := host.IP
+	if opts.Target == "name" || opts.Target == "hostname" {
+		if plainHostname.MatchString(host.Name) {
+			dest = host.Name
+			if opts.Target == "name" {
+				add("HostName", host.IP)
+				add("HostKeyAlias", host.Name)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	userJump := hasOption(args[:destIdx], 'J', "ProxyJump") || hasOption(args[:destIdx], 0, "ProxyCommand")
+	switch {
+	case userJump:
+	case flags.NoJump:
+		inserted = append(inserted, "-o", "ProxyJump=none")
+	case flags.Jump != "":
+		inserted = append(inserted, "-J", flags.Jump)
+	case opts.ProxyJump != "" && opts.ProxyJump != "none":
+		inserted = append(inserted, "-J", opts.ProxyJump)
+	}
+
+	var notice string
+	switch opts.HostKeyChecking {
+	case "strict":
+		add("StrictHostKeyChecking", "yes")
+	case "accept-new":
+		add("StrictHostKeyChecking", "accept-new")
+	case "off":
+		if !hasOption(args[:destIdx], 0, "StrictHostKeyChecking") {
+			add("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no")
+			add("UserKnownHostsFile", "/dev/null")
+			add("LogLevel", "ERROR")
+			notice = "host key checking is disabled for this connection (ssh.host_key_checking: off)"
+		}
+	}
+
+	if opts.AddressFamily != "" && !hasBoolFlag(args[:destIdx], '4') && !hasBoolFlag(args[:destIdx], '6') {
+		add("AddressFamily", opts.AddressFamily)
+	}
+
+	keys := make([]string, 0, len(opts.Options))
+	for key := range opts.Options {
+		keys = append(keys, key)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(keys)
+	for _, key := range keys {
+		add(key, opts.Options[key])
+	}
+
+	// Extra arguments go first: short flags such as -4 or -A take the last
+	// value given, so the user's own flags later on the line still win.
+	replaced := ReplaceHost(args, destIdx, dest)
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(opts.ExtraArgs)+len(replaced)+len(inserted))
+	out = append(out, opts.ExtraArgs...)
+	out = append(out, replaced[:destIdx]...)
+	out = append(out, inserted...)
+	out = append(out, replaced[destIdx:]...)
+	return Result{Args: out, Notice: notice}
+}
+
+// hasBoolFlag reports whether a flag without a value, such as -4, was given.
+func hasBoolFlag(args []string, wanted byte) bool {
+	for i := 0; i < len(args); i++ {
+		arg := args[i]
+		if arg == "--" || len(arg) < 2 || arg[0] != '-' {
+			break
+		}
+		for j := 1; j < len(arg); j++ {
+			if arg[j] == wanted {
+				return true
+			}
+			if flagsWithArg[arg[j]] {
+				if j == len(arg)-1 {
+					i++
+				}
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// Quote renders an argument list as a copy-pasteable POSIX shell command.
+func Quote(argv []string) string {
+	quoted := make([]string, len(argv))
+	for i, arg := range argv {
+		if arg != "" && strings.Trim(arg, "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789@%+=:,./_-") == "" {
+			quoted[i] = arg
+			continue
+		}
+		quoted[i] = "'" + strings.ReplaceAll(arg, "'", `'\''`) + "'"
+	}
+	return strings.Join(quoted, " ")
+}

internal/ssh/options_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+package ssh
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.zb-server.de/Sebi/ssh-netbox-wrapper/internal/config"
+)
+
+func TestExtractWrapperFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		args  []string
+		flags WrapperFlags
+		rest  []string
+	}{
+		{[]string{"--dry-run", "web"}, WrapperFlags{DryRun: true}, []string{"web"}},
+		{[]string{"-l", "--dry-run", "--jump", "jh", "web"}, WrapperFlags{Jump: "jh"}, []string{"-l", "--dry-run", "web"}},
+		{[]string{"--jump=jh", "-vp", "22", "web", "--dry-run"}, WrapperFlags{Jump: "jh"}, []string{"-vp", "22", "web", "--dry-run"}},
+		{[]string{"--no-jump", "--", "web"}, WrapperFlags{NoJump: true}, []string{"--", "web"}},
+	} {
+		flags, rest, err := ExtractWrapperFlags(tc.args)
+		if err != nil || flags != tc.flags || !reflect.DeepEqual(rest, tc.rest) {
+			t.Errorf("%v: got %+v %v %v", tc.args, flags, rest, err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, args := range [][]string{{"--jump"}, {"--jump", "-x", "web"}, {"--jump=a", "--no-jump", "web"}, {"--version-typo", "web"}} {
+		if _, _, err := ExtractWrapperFlags(args); err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("%v accepted", args)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func apply(args []string, opts config.SSHOptions, flags WrapperFlags) Result {
+	return Apply(args, len(args)-1, Host{Name: "web.example.com", IP: "192.0.2.10"}, opts, flags)
+}
+
+func TestApplyDefaultConnectsToIP(t *testing.T) {
+	got := apply([]string{"-l", "root", "web"}, config.SSHOptions{}, WrapperFlags{})
+	if want := []string{"-l", "root", "192.0.2.10"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(got.Args, want) {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v", got.Args)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyTargetName(t *testing.T) {
+	got := apply([]string{"admin@web"}, config.SSHOptions{Target: "name"}, WrapperFlags{})
+	want := []string{"-o", "HostName=192.0.2.10", "-o", "HostKeyAlias=web.example.com", "admin@web.example.com"}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got.Args, want) {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v", got.Args)
+	}
+	got = apply([]string{"web"}, config.SSHOptions{Target: "hostname"}, WrapperFlags{})
+	if want := []string{"web.example.com"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(got.Args, want) {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v", got.Args)
+	}
+	// Names that are not plain hostnames fall back to the IP address.
+	got = Apply([]string{"x"}, 0, Host{Name: "rack 1 switch", IP: "192.0.2.1"}, config.SSHOptions{Target: "name"}, WrapperFlags{})
+	if want := []string{"192.0.2.1"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(got.Args, want) {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v", got.Args)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyJumpPrecedence(t *testing.T) {
+	opts := config.SSHOptions{ProxyJump: "jh.example.com"}
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		args  []string
+		flags WrapperFlags
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{[]string{"web"}, WrapperFlags{}, "-J jh.example.com 192.0.2.10"},
+		{[]string{"web"}, WrapperFlags{Jump: "other"}, "-J other 192.0.2.10"},
+		{[]string{"web"}, WrapperFlags{NoJump: true}, "-o ProxyJump=none 192.0.2.10"},
+		{[]string{"-J", "mine", "web"}, WrapperFlags{}, "-J mine 192.0.2.10"},
+		{[]string{"-oProxyCommand=nc %h %p", "web"}, WrapperFlags{}, "-oProxyCommand=nc %h %p 192.0.2.10"},
+	} {
+		if got := strings.Join(apply(tc.args, opts, tc.flags).Args, " "); got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("%v %+v: got %q, want %q", tc.args, tc.flags, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+	if got := apply([]string{"web"}, config.SSHOptions{ProxyJump: "none"}, WrapperFlags{}); len(got.Args) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("proxy_jump none still jumps: %v", got.Args)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyHostKeyChecking(t *testing.T) {
+	got := apply([]string{"web"}, config.SSHOptions{HostKeyChecking: "off"}, WrapperFlags{})
+	want := "-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o LogLevel=ERROR 192.0.2.10"
+	if strings.Join(got.Args, " ") != want || got.Notice == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v, notice %q", got.Args, got.Notice)
+	}
+	// An explicit user choice disables the whole "off" bundle.
+	got = apply([]string{"-o", "StrictHostKeyChecking=yes", "web"}, config.SSHOptions{HostKeyChecking: "off"}, WrapperFlags{})
+	if strings.Join(got.Args, " ") != "-o StrictHostKeyChecking=yes 192.0.2.10" || got.Notice != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("user choice overridden: %v", got.Args)
+	}
+	got = apply([]string{"web"}, config.SSHOptions{HostKeyChecking: "accept-new"}, WrapperFlags{})
+	if strings.Join(got.Args, " ") != "-o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new 192.0.2.10" {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v", got.Args)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyOptionsAndExtraArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	opts := config.SSHOptions{
+		AddressFamily: "inet",
+		ExtraArgs:     []string{"-A"},
+		Options:       map[string]string{"serveraliveinterval": "60", "user": "ignored"},
+	}
+	got := apply([]string{"-o", "User=me", "web"}, opts, WrapperFlags{})
+	want := "-A -o User=me -o AddressFamily=inet -o serveraliveinterval=60 192.0.2.10"
+	if strings.Join(got.Args, " ") != want {
+		t.Fatalf("got %q", strings.Join(got.Args, " "))
+	}
+	got = apply([]string{"-v6", "web"}, config.SSHOptions{AddressFamily: "inet"}, WrapperFlags{})
+	if strings.Join(got.Args, " ") != "-v6 192.0.2.10" {
+		t.Fatalf("address family overrides -6: %v", got.Args)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyKeepsRemoteCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	got := Apply([]string{"web", "uptime", "-o", "x"}, 0, Host{Name: "web", IP: "192.0.2.1"}, config.SSHOptions{ProxyJump: "jh"}, WrapperFlags{})
+	if want := []string{"-J", "jh", "192.0.2.1", "uptime", "-o", "x"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(got.Args, want) {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v", got.Args)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestQuote(t *testing.T) {
+	got := Quote([]string{"ssh", "-o", "ProxyCommand=nc %h %p", "it's", "", "a@b:22"})
+	if want := `ssh -o 'ProxyCommand=nc %h %p' 'it'\''s' '' a@b:22`; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("got %s", got)
+	}
+}